Golf



Glossary

The following glossary of common golfing terms, although not exhaustive and new ones can always be added

Albatross a hole played three strokes under par
All Square in match play, a match is all square (tied) when both players or teams have won the same number of holes.   All Square is abbreviated "AS" on the scorecard
Address to take a stance at the ball
Air shot missing the ball entirely
Apron the short grass surrounding a putting green
   
Bandit someone who regularly plays below their handicap
Ball-marker any small object used to indicate where a player's ball is on the green. Coins are common ball-markers
Best or better ball  the best score out of two partners in a four-ball or better ball game
Birdie a hole played one stroke under par
Bogey a hole played one stroke over par
Bunker a sand hazard on a golf course
   
Carry the distance required for the ball to travel through the air to reach a target
Chip a short shot (typically played from very close to and around the green), that is intended to travel through the air over a very short distance and roll the remainder of the way to the hole
Club a tool for the player to hit the ball. A maximum of 14 clubs are allowed in the golf bag by the rules
Condor a four-under par shot, a hole-in-one on a par 5 . This has occurred on a hole with a heavy dogleg, hard ground, and no trees. Might also be called "a triple eagle"
   
Dimple describes the depressions on the surface on a golf ball
Divot the chunk of grass displaced when an iron shot is played
Dormie in match play, a player is dormie when leading a match by as many holes as there are left (i.e. 4 up with 4 holes to play). The player who is down must win every hole to save the match and force its continuation past the last regular hole (if a winner must be determined) or halve the match (in a team competition such as the Ryder Cup).
Double Bogey a hole played two strokes over par
Drop To drop a ball as in the case of an unplayable lie or if the original ball has been lost.
Drive a shot of great length played from the tee, usually with a driver
   
Eagle a hole played in two strokes under par
   
Face the part of a club head that hits the ball. e.g. club face
Fairway the short grass between the tee and the green
Fore "Fore!" is shouted as a warning when it appears possible a ball may hit other players or spectators
Four-Ball Played with two sides consisting of two players
Full shot A shot played with any club with it's full swing
   
Gimme when a player has only a short putt left to play, other players may grant a gimme, i.e. one stroke is counted, but the ball is not actually played
Green or putting green  the area of specially prepared grass around the hole, where putts are played
Grip The way in which a players hands are positioned in holding a club. Also the part of the golf club on to which the player positions his hands
Gross A score actually made before the deduction of any handicap
Grounding the club to place the clubface behind the ball on the ground at address. Grounding the club is prohibited in bunkers or when playing from any marked hazard.
GUR Ground under repair when the ball can be replaced before place
   
Halved in match play, a hole is halved (drawn) when both players or teams have played the same number of strokes
Hole In One (or ace) holing out the tee shot
Honour The privilege of driving off the tee first
   
Lay-up to hit a conservative shot intentionally short of a hazard
Lie the ground that the ball is resting on. Also, the angle a clubhead is set on a shaft
Line the correct path of the ball to the hole, particularly on putts
Links a course laid out by the sea, usually flat and devoid of trees
Loft the angle on the front of a clubface
   
Match play The original form of competition in golf, the contest is decided between two sides and the score by holes
Medal play style of scoring in which the player with the fewest strokes wins. Also known as "stroke play"
   
Nassau a type of bet between golfers that is essentially three separate bets. Money is wagered on the best score in the front 9, back 9, and total 18 holes
   
Open stance when a player sets up with their front foot to the inside of the target line
Out-of-bounds the area designated as being outside the boundaries of the course. Out-of-bounds areas are usually indicated by white posts
   
Pace the speed at which a putt should be moving to get to the hole. Pace and break are the two components of green-reading
Par standard score in strokes assigned to each hole determined by the length of that hole
PGA any Professional Golfers' Association
Pin high at the same level as the hole
Pitch an approach shot usually played with a higher lofted club and made using a less than full swing.
Pitch and run  A short approach shot followed by considerable run
Pitch mark another term for a divot on the green caused when a ball lands. Players must repair their pitch marks, usually with a tee or a divot tool.
Pivot Rotation of the body during a swing
Plugged Lie a bad lie (typically in a bunker) where the ball is at least half-buried in sand. Also known as a "buried lie" or a "fried egg"
Pro a professional is a golfer or person who plays or teaches golf for financial reward
Punch shot a shot played with a very low trajectory, usually to avoid interference from tree branches when a player is hitting from the woods
Putt a shot played on the green, usually with a putter
Putter a special golf club with a very low loft that makes the ball roll
   
Rabbit a golfer of little ability or a beginner to the game
Release the point in the downswing at which the wrists uncock. A late release is one of the keys to a powerful swing
Royal and Ancient The home of golf at St Andrews, Scotland
Rough  the grass that borders the fairway, usually taller and coarser than the fairway
 
Sand Wedge
a lofted club designed especially for playing out of a bunker
Scramble when a player misses the green in regulation, but still makes par or better on a hole
Scratch golfer a player's whose handicap equals zero
Short game comprised of shots that take place on or near the green
Slice  a poor shot that, for a right-handed golfer, curves sharply to the right
Smother  a ball that goes a short distance along the ground
Stableford a form of play in which points are won instead of stokes scored
Snowman An eight on a hole
Stiff a shot that lands close to the flag stick
Sit Telling the ball to land softly
   
Tap-in a ball that has come to rest very close to the hole, leaving only a very short putt to be played.
Tee (part of the course) the specially prepared area, usually grass, from which the play of a hole is begun.
Tee (piece of equipment) a small peg - made of wood or plastic - placed in the teeing ground, upon which the golf ball is placed prior to the first stroke on a hole.
Tempo the control of timing in a golf swing
Thin shot a poor shot where the clubhead strikes too high up on the ball, resulting in a shallow flight path. Also known as "skulling" or "blading" the ball
Topped to hit a ball above its center causing it to run along the ground
   
Up and down when a player holes the ball in two strokes from off of the edge of the green
Underclub to select a club giving too little distance for the shot required
   
Yardage The length of a hole or course traditionally given in yards